مواد سنة أولى طب

نظرًا للتفاصيل التي قدمتها، يبدأ هذا الكورس (Course) بالعنصر الأساسية من نوع الكيمياء العضوية والهيكلية، وينشئ من ثم إلى مجموعة متنوعة من الأقسام بما في ذلك الوراثة الجزيئية (Genetic inheritance), الطفرات (Mutations), الحمض النووي الريبوزي (Replicative DNA), التعبير الجيني (Gene expression), والتنظيم الذاتي (Epigenetics). كما يشمل الكورس مقدمة عن الإشارات الخلوية (Introduction to cell signaling)، وهو جزءًا من "كورس الكيمياء 101". strengthens your understanding of fundamental chemistry concepts and their applications. You'll explore the nature of light, perform titrations, understand solutions and solutes, and delve into the properties of chemical substances. The course progresses through various biological topics, including but not limited to genetic inheritance, mutations, replicative DNA, gene expression, and epigenetics. It culminates with an introduction to cell signaling as part of "Chemistry 101".

Here's a breakdown of the topics covered in this course:

1. Basic Principles of Biological Chemistry: You start by learning the fundamental concepts of biological chemistry, including understanding the different types of chemical bonds and the various functions of organic molecules.

2. Structure and Function of Muscles and Bones: This segment covers the difference between muscle and skeletal tissue, the energy metabolism pathways in muscles, and how muscles contract to generate movement.

3. ATP Synthesis Pathways: You'll explore the various routes used to generate ATP in cellular structures, particularly in the mitochondria during oxidative phosphorylation, glycolysis, and through the Krebs cycle (Citric Acid Cycle) and electron transport chain.

4. Neural Cell Biology: This topic delves into the intricacies of neural cells, including their structure, function, and the role they play in transmitting signals within the body.

5. Anatomy of the Eye and Ear: A detailed study of the components and functions of the eye and ear, which are both critical for sensory perception.

6. Genetic Inheritance: You'll learn about how genes are passed from parents to offspring and the principles of Mendelian genetics.

7. Mutations: Understanding what mutations are, how they can occur, and their implications in genetics and disease.

8. Replicative DNA: The process by which DNA molecules replicate to produce two identical DNA molecules during the cell cycle.

9. Gene Expression: This topic covers how information encoded in DNA is synthesized into proteins, affecting an organism's phenotype.

10. Epigenetics: The study of changes in gene expression that do not involve alterations to the underlying DNA sequence, which can affect how cells "remember" past experiences and environmental exposures.

11. Cell Signaling: An introduction to the complex communication systems within and between cells that regulate virtually all aspects of human physiology and are crucial for our understanding of disease processes.

The course is likely designed to build upon each topic, allowing students to develop a comprehensive understanding of biological chemistry and its importance in human health, disease, and the broader field of biomedical sciences. The integration of cell signaling at the end of "Chemistry 101" emphasizes the interconnectedness of these various disciplines within the realm of life sciences.